Utari Kresnoadi, Jennifer Widjaja, Wibi Riawan
Background. Natural propolis is widely known to be an antibacterial agent with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In combination with a bovine xenograft, it is expected to promote bone formation in the alveolar ridge, following tooth extraction. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of administering a propolis extract combined with a bovine xenograft on alveolar bone formation. Material and methods. The lower incisor teeth of Cavia cobaya were extracted and the resulting alveolar sockets were filled with different materials based on the group assignment: polyethylene glycol (PEG); a propolis extract (PE); a bovine xenograft (BX); and the propolis extract–bovine xenograft composite (PE–BX). The alveolar sockets were examined after 7 and 30 days by means of immunohistochemical staining for the expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB), tolllike receptor 2 (TLR2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and type 1 collagen. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey’s test were used to compare the groups. Results. The PE–BX group demonstrated promising results, with increased type I collagen levels and reduced expression of inflammatory markers (NF-κB, TLR2 and TNF-α) on days 7 and 30 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, in comparison with the BX group, this material demonstrated significantly higher type I collagen expression on days 7 and 30 (p < 0.01). Conclusions. The composite of a natural propolis extract and a bovine xenograft enhances type I collagen expression and reduces the expression of inflammatory markers. Further research is warranted to explore its potential for alveolar bone preservation. © by Author(s).
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; Private dental practice, Surabaya, Indonesia; School of Dental Medicine, Ciputra University, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular, Biochemistry Biomolecular Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
