Ketut Wira Purbawan, Nuhfil Hanani Ar, Moh Khusaini, Anthon Efani
Food security remains one of the most critical challenges in agrarian economies increasingly exposed to the adverse impacts of climate change. This study aims to analyze the determinants of climate change adaptation among farming households in East Java, Indonesia, and to assess its impact on household food security. Specifically, the research identifies the socio-economic and demographic factors influencing adaptation decisions and evaluates how these strategies affect food security outcomes. A multi-stage sampling approach was applied, and data were analyzed using a Probit model to determine the factors influencing adaptation, while Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was employed to estimate its causal effects on food security indicators. The findings reveal that education, secure land tenure, and membership in farmer groups significantly increase the likelihood of adopting adaptation measures, whereas greater farming experience, larger household size, and engagement in off-farm employment reduce it. Furthermore, adaptation was found to enhance dietary diversity and nutritional quality, as reflected in higher Food Consumption Scores, and to reduce the frequency of food insecurity experiences measured through the Food Insecurity Experience Scale. Overall, the study demonstrates that adaptation strengthens both objective and experiential aspects of food security, providing vital evidence for policy design aimed at promoting adaptive capacity and rural resilience in climate-vulnerable regions. © 2026 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada.
Graduate School, Brawijaya University, Indonesia; Agriculture Socio-Economic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
