Yan Wisnu Prajoko, Faqrizal Ria Qhabibi, Timothy Sahala Gerardo, Kanandya Kizzandy, Krisanto Tanjaya, Sebastian Emmanuel Willyanto, Happy Kurnia Permatasari, Reggie Surya, Nelly Mayulu, Nurpudji Astuti Taslim, Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata, Rony Abdi Syahputra, Trina Ekawati Tallei, Apollinaire Tsopmo, Bonglee Kim, Rudy Kurniawan, Fahrul Nurkolis
Enhalus arcoides is a highly beneficial type of seagrass. Prior studies have presented proof of the bioactivity of E. acoroides, suggesting its potential to combat cancer. Therefore, this study aims to delve deeper into E. acoroides bioactive molecule profiles and their direct biological anticancer activities potentials through the combination of in-silico and in-vitro studies. This study conducted metabolite profile analysis on E. acoroides utilizing HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS analysis. Two extraction techniques, ethanol and hexane, were employed for the extraction process. Furthermore, the in-silico study was conducted using molecular docking simulations on the HER2, EGFR tyrosine kinase and HIF-1α protein receptor. Afterward, the antioxidant activity of E. acoroides metabolites was examined to ABTS, and the antiproliferative activity was tested using an MTT assay. An in-silico study revealed its ability to combat breast cancer by inhibiting the HER2/EGFR/HIF-1α pathway through molecular docking. In addition, the MTT assay demonstrated that higher dosages of metabolites from E. acoroides increased the effectiveness of toxicity against cancer cell lines. Additionally, the study demonstrated that the metabolites possess the ability to function as potent antioxidants, effectively inhibiting a series of carcinogenic mechanisms. Ultimately, this study showed a new approach to unveiling the E. acoroides metabolites’ anticancer activity through inhibiting HER2/EGFR/HIF-1α receptors, with great cytotoxicity and a potent antioxidant property to prevent a carcinogenic cascade. © 2024 by the authors.
Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, 11480, Indonesia; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Muhammadiyah Manado University, Manado, 95249, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 12930, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, 95115, Indonesia; Food Science and Nutrition Program, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea; Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga), Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia