Asri Maharani, Sujarwoto, Devarsetty Praveen, Delvac Oceandy, Gindo Tampubolon, Anushka Patel
There is an urgent need to focus on implementing cost-effective health interventions and policies to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate whether a mobile technology–supported primary health care intervention, compared with usual care, would reduce the risk of all-cause mortality among people in rural Indonesia. Data were collected from 11,098 participants in four intervention villages and 10,981 participants in four control villages in Malang district, Indonesia. The baseline data were collected in 2016. All the participants were followed for five years, and the mortality data were recorded. Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine the association between the intervention and the risk of all-cause mortality, adjusted for the covariates, including age, gender, educational attainment, employment and marital status, obesity and the presence of diabetes mellitus. During the five-year follow-up, 275 participants died in intervention villages, compared with 362 in control villages. Participants residing in intervention villages were at 18% (95%CI = 4 to 30) lower risk of all-cause mortality. Higher education attainment and being married are associated with lower risks of all-cause mortality among respondents who lived in the control villages, but not among those living in the intervention villages. A mobile technology–supported primary health care intervention had the potential to improve the five-year survival among people living in villages in an upper-middle income country. Copyright: © 2024 Maharani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Public Administration, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Hyderabad, India; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Global Development Institute, NIHR Policy Research Unit on Older people and frailty, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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