Indah Wahyuning Tyas, As'ad Munawir, Yulvi Zaika, Cleoputri Yusainy, Erik Tjandra Widjaksono
Construction safety in developing economies remains shaped by the interaction between formal safety systems and daily site conditions. This cross-sectional survey examined whether psychosocial safety climate (PSC) mediates the association between safety culture and perceived safety performance among 132 male workers from six selected mid-rise construction projects in Malang, Jember, Kediri, and Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The study used translated and adapted questionnaire items and analyzed the data with PLS-SEM. Safety culture was positively associated with PSC (beta = 0.801, p < 0.001) and perceived safety performance (beta = 0.347, p = 0.025). PSC was also positively associated with perceived safety performance (beta = 0.476, p = 0.001). The indirect path from safety culture to perceived safety performance through PSC was significant (beta = 0.381, p = 0.001), with a total effect of 0.728 and VAF of 52.3%. These findings suggest partial mediation rather than causal improvement. The study contributes to construction safety engineering by showing how PSC can be embedded into toolbox meetings, work-at-height supervision, PPE inspections, fatigue checks, and confidential psychosocial hazard reporting. Copyright: ©2026 The authors. This article is published by IIETA and is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Flores, Ende, 86318, Indonesia
