Suryanata Kesuma, Tri Yudani Mardining Raras, Sri Winarsih, Takeshi Shimosato, Valentina Yurina
Lactococcus lactis has potential as a mucosal vaccine delivery system. L. lactis can express antigens from bacteria or viruses, which are tightly controlled using nisin. Although L. lactis-based vaccine shows great promise, no product is ready for human use. Several studies have been conducted to develop L. lactis-based vaccine, and the efficacy of these vaccines has been evaluated in many scientific articles. This paper aims to review key aspects of current knowledge on the promising characteristics of L. lactis and to suggest its implications for vaccine design. Articles were obtained online using inclusion and exclusion criteria through Harzing's Publish or Perish. The article assessment used the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies. The efficacy evaluation of 24 articles showed that L. lactis-based vaccine can induce IgA and IgG as humoral immune responses; T CD4, T CD8, and B cells as cellular immune responses; and various proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17. L. lactis is suitable as a vector carrier for oral or nasal mucosal vaccines targeting bacterial and viral infections. The development of L. lactis as a vaccine delivery system is promising. Copyright © 2025 by the authors.
Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, East Java, 65145, Indonesia; Departement of Medical Laboratory Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kalimantan Timur, East Borneo, Samarinda, Indonesia; Departement Of biochemistry And Molecular Biology, Medicalfaculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Institute for Aqua Regeneration, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
