Adilla Shafryantyo Purnomo, Rahmad, Athaya Febriantyo Purnomo, Gutama Arya Pringga, Vivid Prety Anggraini, Rosalyna Pudji Hapsari, Mohammad Barlian Nugroho, Ratri Istiqomah, Dearisa Surya Yudhantara, Bethasiwi Purbasari, Mirza Zaka Pratama, Ananto Satya Pradana, Nurul Cholifah Lutfiana
Background: Interactive virtual reality (iVR) has found extensive application as a treatment modality for individuals suffering from persistent musculoskeletal conditions. With the rising application of Interactive Virtual Reality (iVR) in treating chronic musculoskeletal disorders, it is essential to understand its efficacy concerning psychological relief and functional improvement. Objective: This study delves into the comparative benefits of iVR against conventional therapeutic methods and non-rehabilitation. Methods: A thorough search was performed in four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, SCOPUS, and Web of Science) from January 2018 to December 2021. The study focused on randomized controlled trials that employed interactive virtual reality (iVR) in regards to psychological well-being effect in patients with chronic musculoskeletal disorders. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was conducted to compare the effects of nonimmersive and immersive iVR on the measured outcomes. Results and Discussion: Our study proves that non-immersive iVR showed a reduction in psychological distress compared to no rehabilitation, but no significant difference was observed between nonimmersive and immersive iVR. Although previous studies suggested that interactive virtual reality (iVR) could be a therapeutic option, this study particularly shown that non-immersive iVR can enhance psychological well-being. Conclusions: Nonimmersive iVR is suggested for improving psychological well-being, comparable to conventional rehabilitation. © 2025 Adilla Shafryantyo Purnomo, Rahmad, Athaya Febriantyo Purnomo, Gutama Arya Pringga, Vivid Prety Anggraini, Rosalyna Pudji Hapsari, Mohammad Barlian Nugroho, Ratri Istiqomah, Dearisa Surya Yudhantara, Bethasiwi Purbasari, Mirza Zaka Pratama, Ananto Satya Pradana, Nurul Cholifah Lutfiana
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia; Medical Science Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Orthopedic, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Bioscience and Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
