Arie Josua Franto Pratama Siahaan, Deni Purnomo, Ismadi, Dian Burhani, Ria Yolanda Arundina, Ester Rimma Suryani Togatorop, Sukma Surya Kusumah, Dede Hermawan, Resti Marlina
Fire retardants are materials designed to inhibit or slow down the primary phases of fire development. Lignin, a naturally fire-resistant material, can be combined with other substances to achieve specific properties without compromising its inherent fire-retardant qualities. Nanocellulose, particularly cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), offers excellent reinforcement, gas barrier properties, and thermal stability, making it a promising material to enhance the performance of lignin layers. This study focuses on improving the fire resistance of composite products, such as roof tiles, by utilizing bentonite-cellulose-lignin composites applied through three methods: lamination, mixing, and coating. The resulting composite demonstrates higher thermal degradation temperatures compared to commercial lignin. Furthermore, roof tiles treated with the laminated and coated methods exhibit enhanced mechanical, physical, and fire-resistant properties. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.
Department of Forest Products, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia; Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia; Departement of Agricultural Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
