Muhammad Pramujo, Wike Andre Septian, Rizal Rinaldi, Ahmad Fahrudin Husen, Ratih Andriani, Saffanah Nailatullah, Ghardia Uzi Syahrani, Feny Charina, Ignatius Maria Unggul Abrianto, Veronica Margareta Ani Nurgiartiningsih
Madura cattle are one of Indonesia’s native beef breeds. The Pleomorphic Adenoma Gene 1 (PLAG1) regulates growth, while the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor (IGF-1R) gene is involved in cell development and metabolism. This study aimed to determine allele and genotype frequencies of PLAG1 and IGF-1R polymorphisms in Madura cattle and analyze their associations with growth traits. Genotyping was performed on 145 cattle from the BPTU-HPT Pelaihari breeding station using the PCR-RFLP method. The effects of genotypes on body weight and morphometric traits were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) in R software. The amplified fragments were 628 bp for PLAG1/SacII and 604 bp for IGF-1R/MspI. Both loci were polymorphic. PLAG1 had two alleles (C and T) and three genotypes (CC, CT, TT), with the C allele being more frequent. IGF-1R showed A and G alleles and AA, AG, GG genotypes, with the G allele predominating. PLAG1/SacII genotypes were significantly associated with body weight and withers height at birth and one year of age. IGF-1R/MspI genotypes were significantly related to body length and withers height at weaning and one year. These results indicate that PLAG1 and IGF-1R are promising candidate genes for growth trait selection in Madura cattle.Highlights Polymorphisms in the PLAG1 (AC_000171.1:g.48308C > T) and IGF-1R (JQ924783.1:g.269418A > G) genes are significantly associated with key growth traits (body weight, body length, and withers height) at different developmental stages in Madura cattle, indicating their potential as genetic markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS). This study provides the first molecular evidence of growth-related gene variations in Indonesian Madura cattle, contributing to the genetic improvement of local breeds through integration of molecular breeding tools into traditional selection programs. © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, East Java, Indonesia; BPTU-HPT Pelaihari, Ministry of Agriculture Republic Indonesia, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
