Dimas Ade Putra, Christia Meidiana, Ar Rohman Taufiq Hidayat, Ratan Kumar Ghosh
The interrelationship of water, energy, and food (WEF) constitutes a complex system with complicated links that are increasingly pressured by climate change, population expansion, and unsustainable practices. This research examines the societal shift toward a decarbonized future within this context. We examine the present condition of the WEF nexus, emphasizing the vulnerabilities and hazards linked to water scarcity, energy insecurity, and food shortages. The research examines the possible effects of decarbonization initiatives, including RE implementation and sustainable agriculture, on the WEF nexus. Critical challenges and opportunities are recognized, encompassing the necessity for integrated water resource management, energy efficiency initiatives, and circular economy principles. We advocate for policy suggestions to facilitate a fair and equitable transition, highlighting the necessity of cooperation among governments, enterprises, and communities. Comprehending the complex interactions within the WEF nexus enables us to strive for a more sustainable and resilient future. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Study Program of Environmental Resource and Development Management, Postgraduate School of Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; Center for Standardization and Industrial Service Medan, Ministry of Industry, Medan, Indonesia; Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; Sustainable and Renewable Energy Development Authority (SREDA), Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources, Dhaka, Bangladesh
