Ristiawan Muji Laksono, Andi Muhammad Takdir Musba, Taufiq Agus Siswagama, Aidyl Fitrisyah, Aunun Rofiq, Bara Adithya, Belindo Wirabuana, Doso Sutiyono, Eka Adhiany, Heri Dwi Purnomo, I Gusti Ngurah Mahaalit Aribawa, John Frans Sitepu, Madonna Damayanthie Datu, Mahmud Mahmud, Mochamat Mochamat, Mohamad Andy Prihartono, Nur Surya Wirawan, Pryambodho Pryambodho, I Putu Pramana Suarjaya, Raden Besthadi Sukmono, Rahmi Rahmi, Rizal Zainal, Rory Denny Saputra, Kenanga Marwan Sikumbang, Sudadi Sudadi, Suwarman Suwarman, Tasrif Hamdi, Wahyuddin Suleman, Nancy Margarita Rehatta
Purpose Optimizing acute postoperative pain management requires understanding current practices and outcomes within local contexts. This study investigated the variability of postoperative pain management practices and outcomes in Indonesia.MethodsA descriptive multicenter observational study was conducted among patients undergoing elective surgery. Data collected included demographics, type of surgery, anesthesia, analgesics, pain intensity (preoperatively, in the recovery room, and 24 h postoperatively), patient satisfaction, and side effects. Correlation analyses were performed (α = 0.05 and 95% CI).ResultsAmong 6767 patients, orthopedic surgeries were the most common, with 94.3% receiving single anesthesia, primarily general anesthesia (75.3%). Analgesia was administered using either a single modality (24.2%) or a combination of modalities (75.8%), with combined analgesia predominantly applied intraoperatively (36.6%) and postoperatively (56.4%). Across all age groups, including neonates and infants (n = 129), patients aged 1–7 years (n = 410), patients older than 7 years (n = 6228), and critically ill patients (n = 71), individuals reporting no pain increased from 16.6 to 39.3% preoperatively to 37.2–73.2% at 24 h postoperatively. Side effects were minimal, and overall satisfaction was high. Significant associations were observed between demographic characteristics and postoperative pain outcomes.ConclusionCombined analgesia is an effective approach to managing postoperative acute pain, with high patient satisfaction. Demographic characteristics showed significant associations with postoperative pain management outcomes, underscoring the need for individualized pain management strategies. © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/ Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University/ Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya/ Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy, and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University/ Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University/ Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jendral Soedirman/ Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo General Hospital, Purwokerto, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret / Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/ Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University/ Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala/ Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Aceh, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/ Udayana University Hospital, Bali, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara/ H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/ Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/ Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University/ Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
