Willy Artha Wirawan, Ajeng Wulansari, Ayan Sabitah, Muhammad Rezki Fitri Putra, Femiana Gapsari, Dewi Sartika, R.A. Ilyas, S.M. Sapuan
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Waru bark fiber (WBF) as a reinforcement material for composites. To achieve this aim, WBF was extracted using a conventional process, to ensure its purity, and then characterized for physical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. Microstructure analysis was performed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to show uniform and exceptional fiber sheets with naturally woven fiber shapes. A high value of 152.77 MPa was found for fiber's tensile strength in the mechanical test. Following this discussion, the fiber's crystallinity index (CI) was 56.54 %, and the X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) test showed a composition ratio of O = 48.63 % and C = 36.74 %. Thermal analysis using Differential Thermal Analysis-Thermogravimetric Analysis (DTA-TGA) showed that the cellulose fiber could withstand temperatures stability up to 312 °C. Finally, this study offered a sustainable solution to reduce the reliance on synthetic fiber in various industries by suggesting the use of reliable WBF as reinforcement. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Department of Aircraft Maintenance Engineering, Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya, Jemur Andayani I No 73 Wonocolo, Surabaya, 60236, Indonesia; Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin, Jl. Brig Jend. Hasan Basri, Kalimantan, 70124, Indonesia; Teknologi Otomotif, Politeknik Negeri Tanah laut, Kalimantan Selatan, 70815, Indonesia; Mechanical Engineering Department, Brawijaya University, Jln. Mayjend Haryono 167, Malang City, 65145, Indonesia; Mechanical Engineering Department, PGRI University Banyuwangi, Jl. Ikan Tongkol No.22, Kertosari, Kec. Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, 68416, Indonesia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia; Centre for Advance Composite Materials (CACM), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forest and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Serdang, 43400 UPM, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia; Advanced Engineering Materials and Composite Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Serdang, 43400 UPM, Malaysia
