Edina Hartami, Amaliyah Nur Irianti, Lalita El Milla, Revilia Ayuningtyas, Kholisa Afwa Fairuz Safat
Enamel demineralization occurs due to the loss of calcium and phosphate ions leads to increased microporosity and surface roughness. The remineralization process is essential for restoring these ions and reforming the hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals. A natural remineralizing agent, casein from Peranakan Etawa (PE) goat milk, plays a role in filling the voids within the enamel and reforming HA crystals in the interprismatic region. This study aimed to analyze the effect of PE goat milk casein paste on the microporosity diameter and surface roughness of the permanent tooth enamel. Thirty-five demineralized maxillary first premolars were divided into five groups: a positive control (CPP-ACP paste), a negative control (aquadest), and three groups treated with 10 %, 20 %, and 30% PE casein paste. The paste was applied for 14 days, followed by incubation at 37°C for 24 h following the artificial saliva application. Microporosity was measured using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), while enamel roughness was assessed using a Surface Roughness Tester. The smallest average microporosity diameter was observed in the 30% PE goat milk casein paste group, measuring 1.34 μm. The most effective reduction in enamel surface roughness was observed in the 10% PE goat milk casein paste group, with a delta result of 1.736. © 2025 University of Dicle. All rights reserved.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Dental Material Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
