Zichen Huang, Yoshito Saito, Tianqi Gao, Dimas Firmanda Al Riza, Renfu Lu, Haiyan Cen, Naoshi Kondo, Ken Abamba Omwange
A fluorescence imaging system (FIS) supported by the excitation-emission matrix (EEM), has emerged as a powerful tool for the non-destructive assessment of fruit and vegetable quality, offering low costs and good accuracy for various applications. EEM captures the fluorescence spectrum under specific excitation light and the corresponding emission fluorescence, which can be used for optimizing machine vision construction. The FIS-EEM system can explore and identify naturally occurring bioactive and phytonutrient components whose fluorescent characteristics can be used non-destructively to monitor changes in the quality and maturation of fruits and vegetables. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the principles and methodologies of FIS based on EEM. By offering a comprehensive overview, this paper serves as a valuable reference for designing FIS for assessing fruit and vegetable quality. It also directs challenges and perspectives toward developing high-performance fluorescence imaging systems for research and commercial applications. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; U. S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, East Lansing, 48824, MI, United States; Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 2-no-cho, Ikarashi, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan; Laboratory of Bio-Sensing Engineering, Division of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan; Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
