Merdieta Amelia, Holilah, Didik Prasetyoko, RH Fitri Faradilla, Asranudin, Agus Wedi Pratama, Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid, Bambang Piluharto, Dwi Indarti, Mohd Saiful Asmal Rani, Dina Wahyu Indriani, Lisman Suryanegara, Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim, Noureddine El Messaoudi
The development of efficient synthesis methods to valorize biomass feedstocks is essential for a circular bioeconomy. This study details the synthesis of nanolignocellulose (NLC) from edamame peel waste, an underutilized agro-industrial residue, using an Amberlite IR-120 catalytic route. The synthesis was optimized by varying catalyst concentration (0.5–2.0 M) at 80 °C for 3 h. The efficiency of this route was confirmed by the successful production of NLC with high crystallinity (up to 49.94%) and fine nanofibrillar diameters (down to 4.24 nm) at the optimal concentration of 1 M. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the effective removal of amorphous hemicellulose and lignin. Catalyst reusability was systematically evaluated over three successive cycles. The average fibril diameter increased to 6.10 nm (RNLC1), 9.46 nm (RNLC2), and 10.10 nm (RNLC3), indicating progressive loss of catalytic efficiency with repeated use. Correspondingly, the crystallinity index increased slightly to 52.95% after the first reuse but decreased sharply to 39.32% after the second cycle before partially recovering to 50.13% in the third cycle. This study validates that the use of Amberlite IR-120 is a sustainable alternative to liquid acids, producing high-value NLC suitable for applications in biocomposites and packaging. © 2026 Elsevier B.V.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Jalan Kalimantan 37, Jember, Indonesia; Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), South Tangerang, Indonesia; Research Collaboration Center for Nanocellulose, BRIN-Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Indonesia; Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia; Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember, Jalan Kalimantan 37, Jember, Indonesia; School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Nibong Tebal, 14300, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia; Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang, Indonesia; Research Center for Chemical Defence, Defence Research Institute, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
