Dhiana Puspitawati, Rika Kurniaty, Fransiska A. Susanto, Andi Kurniawan, Muhammad Akbar Nursasmita, Mohd Hazmi Mohd Rusli
Marine plastic pollution (MPP) has become a critical global environmental issue, significantly threatening marine ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. Despite Indonesia’s commitment to various international legal frameworks, the effectiveness of its national regulatory and institutional responses remains uncertain due to fragmented policies, weak enforcement mechanisms, and overlapping institutional authorities. This study employs a legal and policy analysis method, examining Indonesia’s adherence to international conventions, national regulations, and enforcement mechanisms in tackling MPP. The findings reveal that while Indonesia has ratified key agreements such as UNCLOS 1982, MARPOL 73/78, and the Basel Convention, their domestic implementation remains inconsistent, with no unified legal framework addressing MPP comprehensively. The most effective initiative observed is the single-use plastics (SUP) ban in certain regions, yet the absence of a nationwide standard limits its overall impact. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on environmental governance by highlighting the gaps in Indonesia’s regulatory approach and providing recommendations for strengthening its legal framework and enforcement mechanisms to combat marine plastic pollution more effectively. © 2025, Faculty of Law Universitas Negeri Surabaya. All rights reserved.
Faculty of Law, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; Faculty of Syariah and Law, Universiti Sains Islam, Malaysia
