La Choviya Hawa, Mohamad Efendi, Yusuf Wibisono
The objective of this study is to identify moisture adsorption and drying kinetics in butterfly pea. The novelty lies in the recommendations for storage and optimization of drying time using a sorption model approach. In addition, a comparative study of the performance of conventional models and artificial neural networks (ANN) has not been applied to butterfly pea powder. The results of this study can provide practical information for optimal storage and drying times. Moisture sorption was measured using the static gravimetric method at temperatures of 30–50°C and forced convection drying at temperatures of 40–50°C. The results of the study show that the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) decreases as the temperature increases. The comparison results showed that the ANN model was the best model with the largest coefficient of determination compared to the Peleg model based on statistical analysis. The moisture content during drying decreased over time, with the lowest moisture content at a temperature of 50°C. The Midilli and Modified Henderson Pabis models were the best models compared to ANN for butterfly-pea drying kinetics based on statistical analysis. The recommended storage conditions was 0.60 (water activity) with a moisture content of 14.87–22.91%d.b. The recommended drying time was 480–960 min. The validation results showed an increase in storage moisture content of 0.94–1.78%d.b and a decrease in drying moisture content of 2.43–3.86%d.b. The findings from the practical recommendations for storage moisture content and drying time can be directly applied to butterfly pea powder products. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2026.
Study Program of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Agroindustrial Technology, Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran Malang, East Java, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Study Program of Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran Malang, East Java, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
