Vivi Nurhadianty, Wa Ode Cakra Nirwana, Safrina Hapsari, Ardian Indra Bayu, Luthfi Kurnia Dewi, Aji Hendra Sarosa, Anggun Putri Yuniaswan, Dhany Prafita Ekasari, Teguh Wijaya Hakim, Azizah Wahyuning Kholis, Silvia Febriani
Indonesia is one of the world’s largest producers of ginger, which is widely used in traditional medicine, food preservation, and flavoring. Zingiber officinale var. rubrum, or red ginger, is particularly valued for its high oleoresin and essential oil content, as well as its strong pungency. Conventional extraction methods, such as Soxhlet and maceration, are time-consuming and often result in low yields. In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was explored as a more efficient alternative. The effects of different solvents (96% ethanol, ethyl acetate, and water) and extraction times (50, 90, 130, and 170 minutes) on the refractive index, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, gingerol content, and oleoresin yield were evaluated using an ultrasonic bath with a solid-to-solvent ratio of 1:4. Water yielded the highest oleoresin content (17.7%) after 50 minutes, while ethanol produced the highest total phenolic content (196.2 mg GAE/g), antioxidant activity (IC50: 4.8 ppm), and gingerol content (63.4 mg/g) after 170 minutes. The optimal condition for obtaining oleoresin that met essential oil oleoresin (EOA) quality standards was extraction with 96% ethanol for 50 minutes, yielding a dark brown oleoresin with a refractive index of 1.4902 and a yield of 9.7%. These findings highlight the potential of UAE as a rapid and effective method for extracting high-quality bioactive compounds from red ginger. © 2025, Prince of Songkla University. All rights reserved.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medical, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Sinkona Indonesia Lestari, Subang, 41281, Indonesia
