Bilateral lower limbs swelling as uncommon manifestation of primary congenital lymphoedema: navigating diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in resource-limited Ende, Indonesia

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Danny Jaya Yacobus, Natashya Phillipa Ngasu, Hayyu Rafina Sanjaya, Brigitta Ida Resita Vebrianti Corebima

2025 BMJ Case Reports Vol. 18 Issue 3 Article Cited by 1 Quartile

Abstract

This case report details a newborn in Ende, Indonesia, diagnosed with primary congenital lymphoedema, evidenced by bilateral lower limb swelling. This rare condition is characterised by developmental defects in the lymphatic system, leading to a fluid balance disruption. Diagnosis was primarily clinical, relying on thorough patient history and physical examination, given the limited resources for advanced diagnostic tools. The report emphasises the importance of supportive care, including meticulous skin care and manual lymph drainage, to improve life quality and minimise infection risks. It highlights the diagnostic and management challenges faced in low-resource settings and stresses the need for awareness and early intervention to manage such congenital conditions effectively. © BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.

Affiliations

Department of Paediatrics, Ende Regional General Hospital, East Nusa Tenggara, Ende, Indonesia; Neonatology Division, Department of Paediatrics, Brawijaya University, Faculty of Medicine, East Java, Malang, Indonesia