Amiliana Mardiani Soesanto, Prima Almazini, Rina Ariani, Estu Rudiktyo, Tengku Winda Ardini, Hasanah Mumpuni, Achmad Lefi, Aussie Fitriani Ghaznawie, Ni Made Ayu Wulan Sari, Mefri Yanni, Niniek Purwaningtyas, Rille Puspitoadhi Harjoko, Melawati Hasan, Siti Elkana Nauli, Fitranti Suciati Laitupa, Novita Muchtar, Wella Karolina, Indah Puspita, Gratiani Eben Haezer Reppi, Dyna Evalina Syahlul, Nia Dyah Rahmianti, Rinelia Minaswary, Yasmina Hanifah, Ario Soeryo Kuncoro
Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) presents a significant public health challenge. Unfortunately, there is a lack of national data regarding the incidence and prevalence of RHD in Indonesia. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics, burdens, and problems of RHD in Indonesia. Methods: We collected medical reports of RHD patients over 18 years of age from 21 hospitals. Secondary data about clinical and echocardiography was collected to describe the characteristics, disease conditions, and complications of the disease. Results: We recruited 3,431 patients, average age was 44 years, and 64.4% (2,209 of 3,431) were women. Dyspnea was found in 85.7% (2,939 of 3,431), and 25% (862 of 3,431) of patients with NYHA functional class III to IV. Isolated mitral stenosis was the most prevalent valve lesion in 1,357 of 3,431 patients (39.6%). A total of 62.5 % (2,146 of 3,431) of patients had atrial fibrillation (AF), with the highest prevalence being in MV lesions. Vitamin K antagonist was prescribed in 2,411 of 3,431 (70.3%) of patients. A history of stroke was reported in 227 of 3,431 (6.6%) of patients and most frequently happened in isolated mitral stenosis patients 128 of 1,357 (9.4%). Finally, secondary prophylaxis was only administered in 1,279 of 3,431 (37.3%) of patients, and only 23.2% (796 of 3,431) had it regularly. Conclusions: Our patients were predominantly women and had isolated mitral stenosis. Many patients came at a later stage of the disease, with older average age, a high prevalence of AF, pulmonary hypertension, and right heart involvement. The challenges were suboptimal use of anticoagulation despite the high prevalence of AF and underused secondary prophylaxis. © 2025 The Authors
Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara/Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University/Dr Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana/Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas/Dr M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/Dr Moewardi General Hospital, Solo, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro/Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Tangerang District Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Dr Iskak General Hospital, Tulungagung, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala/Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya/Dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sam Ratulangi/R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Gatot Soebroto Central Army Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Airlangga University Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Persahabatan General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
