Aulanni'am, Z.S.B. Ulhaq, A.P.W. Marhendra, D.K. Wuragil, R. Hermawan, W. Riawan
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a rheumatic disease characterized by inflammation that causes pain, swelling, stiffness, and decreased of joint function. Prevalence of RA in Indonesia is estimated between 23.6% -31.3%. Inflammation and cartilage degradation are major parts in the pathogenesis of RA. The cartilage degradation is closely related with increasing activity of MMP-3. Detection of joint damage in RA is usually performed using radiological photo technique (X-ray), but the sensitivity is low. Therefore, it required more sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for detecting joint damage in RA patients. This research were conducted to determine the sensitivity and specificity of antibody agant to MMP-3, by immunodottechnique, sharp score assessment of metacarpo phalangeal joint and density of MMP-3 in RA and no RA sera patients. Total patients used in this research are 18 RA patients (age 42.2 ±12.1) years and 12 non-RA patients (age 38.3 ± 7.3) years. MMP-3 protein is used as immunogenic agent for inducing antibody againts to MMP-3 in New Zeland white rabbit. The results showed that MMP-3 protein has molecular weight of 54 kDa as immunogenic molecules that induced MMP-3 antibody production. Antibody against to MMP-3 was confirmed to recognize MMP-3 in sera patients by immunodot, western blot and ELISA Sensitivity of antibody against to MMP-3 is 1:120 sera dilution. There are significant differences between the MMP-3 concentration, MMP-3 density and sharp score both of RA and non RA patients (p <0.05). Pearson correlation showed a very strong correlation between MMP-3 density with MMP-3 concentration and MMP-3 density with sharp score (p <0.01), whereascorrelation between MMP-3 concentration and sharp score (X-ray) showed a strong correlation (p <0.01). This result showed that there are strong correlation between level of joint damage and level of MMP-3 in RA patients. ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) results showed that sensitivity and specificity of detection based on MMP-3 is much better than radiological assesment (p <0.001) with cut off points of MMP-3 density is 10.48, where the density value = 10.48 would be diagnosed as RA patients.
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Brawijaya University, Indonesia; School of VeterinaryMedicine, Brawijaya University, Indonesia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Brawijaya University, Indonesia; School of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Indonesia; Faculty of Administration, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
