Donny Wahyu Indriatmoko, Suyadi Suyadi, Puguh Surjowardojo, Kuswati Kuswati, Tri Eko Susilorini
Reproductive efficiency is vital for sustaining milk productivity and profitability in smallholder dairy systems. However, limited evidence exists on how structured partnership schemes affect reproductive outcomes. This study provides the first evaluation of Friesian Holstein cows raised under the Greenfields Partnership, a distinctive model that differs from conventional smallholder systems by applying standardized feeding, record-keeping, and artificial insemination (AI) services. A total of 136 cows were assessed between August 2023 and July 2024. Reproductive parameters included postpartum mating (PPM), services per conception (S/C), days open (DO), calving interval (CI), and body condition score (BCS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Spearman’s correlation, and regression models. The mean values were 81.20 ± 46.20 days for PPM, 3.36 ± 2.15 for S/C, 176.66 ± 101.45 days for DO, 434.95 ± 99.04 days for CI, and 2.33 ± 0.34 for BCS. PPM was close to the efficient range, but prolonged DO and CI alongside elevated S/C indicated reduced reproductive efficiency. The observed variability reflects inconsistent adoption of standardized practices under the partnership model.This study highlights both challenges and opportunities within partnership-based systems and suggests that improved estrus detection, AI timing, and nutritional management consistency are essential to enhance fertility, profitability, and sustainability of tropical smallholder dairying. 2025 by the authors.
Graduate Program in Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia; Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
