Nia Kania, Bambang Setiawan, Edi Widjadjanto, Nurdiana Nurdiana, M. Aris Widodo, H.M.S. Chandra Kusuma
Coal dust is a pollutant found in coal mines that are capable of inducing oxidative stress and inflammation, but the effects on lung metaplasia as an early step of carcinogenesis remain unknown. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of PM10 coal dust on lung histology, MUC5AC expression, epidermal growth factor (EGF) expression, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression. An experimental study was done on male Wistar rats, which were divided into the following groups: control groups exposed to coal dust for 14 days (at doses of 6.25mg/m3, 12.5mg/m3, and 25mg/m3), and the groups exposed to coal dust for 28 days (at doses of 6.25mg/m3, 12.5mg/m3, and 25mg/m3). EGF expressions in rat lungs were measured by ELISA. EGFR and MUC5AC were measured by a confocal laser scanning microscope. The bronchoalveolar epithelial image of the group exposed to coal dust for 14 and 28 days showed a epithelial rearrangement, hyperplastic (metaplastic) goblet cells, and scattered massive inflammatory cells. The pulmonary parenchymal image of the group of exposed to coal dust for 14 and 28 days showed scattered inflammatory cells filling up the pulmonary alveolar networks, leading to an appearance of thickened parenchymal alveoli until emphysema-like structure. There was no significant difference in MUC5AC, EGF, and EGFR expressions for 14-d exposure (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in EGF and EGFR expressions for 28-d exposure (p>0.05), but there was a significant difference in MUC5AC expression (p<0.05). We concluded that subchronic inhalation of coal dust particulate matter 10 induces bronchoalveolar reactive hyperplasia and rearrangement of epithelial cells which accompanied by decrease expression MUC5AC in male rats. © 2014 Elsevier GmbH.
Research Center for Toxicology, Cancer and Degenerative Disease, Department of Pathology, Ulin General Hospital, Medical Faculty Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia; Research Center for Toxicology, Cancer, and Degenerative Disease, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia; Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia; Department of Paediatric, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
