Titin Andri Wihastuti, Mochamad Aris Widodo, Teuku Heriansyah, Novita Apramadha Kartika Sari
Objective: To investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of mangosteen pericarp (EEMP) through lipid profile, H2O2, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) measurement in hypercholesterolemic rat. Methods: A total of 20 rats were used in true laboratory experiment which were divided into 5 groups (n = 4) using posttest-only design. There were a normal diet group, a hypercholesterol diet (HCD) group, a group that was given HCD with EEMP 200 mg/kg body weight, a group that was given HCD with 400 mg/kg body weight and a group that was given HCD with 800 mg/kg body weight. The lipid profile was measured using Cobas Mira. On the other hand, H2O2 was analysed using colorimetric hydrogen peroxide kit. Double staining immunofluorescence was given to observe NF-κB, iNOS and eNOS by using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The result was analyzed quantitatively using Olymphus Fluoview software (version 1.7a). Results: Lipid profile was significantly worsened in HCD and H2O2 level and expressions of NF-κB, iNOS and eNOS were also increased in HCD. EEMP 200 mg/kg body weight generally did not show significant results. However, high density lipoprotein level was affected by EEMP 400 mg/kg body weight, but not for other lipid profiles which reduced H2O2 level and NF-κB, iNOS and eNOS expressions significantly. EEMP 800 mg/kg body weight had been shown to be the most effective dose to improve lipid profile, decrease level of H2O2 and the expression of NF-κB and iNOS and maintain expression of eNOS. Conclusions: EEMP is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent to inhibit atherogenesis in hypercholesterolemic rat. © 2015 Asian Pacific Tropical Medicine Press.
Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Zainul Abidin Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Syah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
