Yi Liu, Adam W. Stivers, Ryan O. Murphy, Niels J. Van Doesum, Jeff Joireman, Marcello Gallucci, Efrat Aharonov-Majar, Ursula Athenstaedt, Liying Bai, Robert Böhm, Nancy R. Buchan, Xiao-Ping Chen, Kitty B. Dumont, Jan B. Engelmann, Kimmo Eriksson, Hyun Euh, Susann Fiedler, Justin Friesen, Simon Gächter, Camilo Garcia, Roberto González, Sylvie Graf, Katarzyna Growiec, Martina Hřebíčková, Gokhan Karagonlar, Toko Kiyonari, Yu Kou, D. Michael Kuhlman, Siugmin Lay, Geoffrey J. Leonardelli, Norman P. Li, Yang Li, Boris Maciejovsky, Zoi Manesi, Ali Mashuri, Aurelia Mok, Karin S. Moser, Adrian Netedu, Chandrasekhar Pammi, Michael J. Platow, Christopher P. Reinders Folmer, Cecilia Reyna, Cláudia Simão, Sonja Utz, Leander van der Meij, Sven Waldzus, Yiwen Wang, Bernd Weber, Ori Weisel, Tim Wildschut, Fabian Winter, Junhui Wu, Jose C. Yong, Paul A. M. Van Lange
The Triple Dominance Measure (choosing between prosocial, individualistic, and competitive options) and the Slider Measure (“sliding” between various orientations, for example, from individualistic to prosocial) are two widely used techniques to measure social value orientation, that is, the weight individuals assign to own and others’ outcomes in interdependent situations. Surprisingly, there is only moderate correspondence between these measures, but it is unclear why and what the implications are for identifying individual differences in social value orientation. Using a dataset of 8021 participants from 31 countries and regions, this study revealed that the Slider Measure identified fewer competitors than the Triple Dominance Measure, accounting for approximately one-third of the non-correspondence between the two measures. This is (partially) because many of the Slider items do not afford a competitive option. In items where competition is combined with individualism, competitors tended to make the same choices as individualists. Futhermore, we demonstrated the uniqueness of competitors. Compared to prosocials and individualists, competitors exhibited lower levels of both social mindfulness and trust. Overall, the present work highlights the importance of situational affordances in measuring personality, the benefits of distinguishing between individualists and competitors, and the importance of utilizing a measure that distinguishes between these two proself orientations. © The Author(s) 2024. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Psychology Department, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA, United States; Department of Economics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Behavioral Insights Group, Morningstar, Chicago, IL, United States; Economic and Organisational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Social, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands; Knowledge Centre for Psychology and Economic Behaviour, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands; Department of Marketing and International Business, Carson College of Business, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States; Faculty of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel; Department of Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Applied Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China; Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Kobenhavn, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark; Copenhagen Center for Social Data Science, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark; Sonoco International Business Department, Darla Moore School of Business, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States; Department of Management and Organization, Michael G. Foster School of Business, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; School of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Center for Research in Experimental Economics and Political Decision Making (CREED), Amsterdam School of Economics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Behavioral and Experimental Economics, The Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; School of Education, Culture and Communication, Mälardalen University, Vasteras, Sweden; Gies College of Business, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States; Department of Strategy & Innovation, Institute of Cognition & Behavior, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Wien, Austria; Department of Psychology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Social Interaction, Psychology Department, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico; Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Personality and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Personality Psychology, Institute of Psychology, SWPS University, Warszawa, Poland; Department of Business, School of Business, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey; School of Social Informatics, Aoyama Gakuin University, Shibuya-ku, Japan; Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Centro de Medición Mide UC, Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore; Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; School of Business, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia; Department of Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Faculty of Psychology, UniDistance Suisse, Brig, Switzerland; School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Sociology and Social Work, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania; Centre of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India; School of Medicine and Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Law and Behavior, Department of Jurisprudence, Amsterdam Law School, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Instituto deInvestigaciones Psicológicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina; Católica-Lisbon, School of Business and Economics, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisboa, Portugal; Everyday Media Lab, Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien (Knowledge Media Research Center), Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany; Department of Industrial Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands; Centro de Investigação e IntervençãoSocial, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisboa, Portugal; Institute of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Public Policy, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Center for Research on Self and Identity, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Institute for Sociology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Institute of Psychology, CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Social and Health Sciences, James Cook University, Singapore; Center for Social and Economic Behavior (C-SEB), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
