Raihan Fathurrahman Hasbilla, Sandra Amalia Riyadi, Wahyu Safriansyah, Ace Tatang Hidayat, Susianti, Supriyanto Salam, Ronny Lesmana, Rurini Retnowati, Unang Supratman
Phenolic compounds are a major type of secondary metabolite found in plants. These compounds are synthesized through shikimic and acetate-malonate pathways, resulting in the formation of numerous unique structures such as flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignans, lignins, as well as their bioactivities. In addition, a significant amount has been reported in nutmeg, an endemic plant of Indonesia, which has been widely used in traditional medicine. A previous study also revealed that ethyl acetate extract of the plant has notable cytotoxic effects against melanoma B16-F10. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to isolate and evaluate phenolic compounds in nutmeg for their potential to inhibit B16-F10 melanoma cancer cell growth. The seeds extract of nutmeg was separated by various chromatographic techniques to yield a total of five compounds, which were identified through spectroscopic analysis (HR-TOF-ESI-MS, IR, and NMR) as well as comparison with literature. The compounds 1-5 were identified as (+)-veraguensin (1), 3',4',5'-trimethoxycinnamyl alcohol (2), (+)-galbegin (3), (-)-polysphorin (4), and 7-methoxycoumarin (5). Cytotoxic effects were then assayed against B16-F10 melanoma cell lines using the Resazurin method. Furthermore, compound 1 displayed the highest cytotoxic activity, with an IC50 value of 112.71 µM. © 2025, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. All rights reserved.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia; Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, 75123, Indonesia; Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Pakuan, Bogor, 16129, Indonesia
