Michael B. Harvey, Kyle Shaney, Amir Hamidy, Nia Kurniawan, Eric N. Smith
We describe a new species of Pseudocalotes from montane forests of the central, western coast of Sumatra. The combination of 3 or 4 interoculabials, slightly enlarged and heavily keeled scales on the lower flanks, a white scapular spot, a relatively long fifth toe, bicarinate lamellae at the base of Toe III, absence of a postrictal modified scale, and three rows of paravertebrals directed dorsally and posteriorly distinguishes the new species from its congeners on Sumatra and Java. Among the new characters defined in this study, counts of subdigital lamellae within the "span of Toe V" proved particularly useful for diagnosing species of Pseudocalotes. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences identified a monophyletic group containing the Sumatran and Javan Pseudocalotes. Based on the phylogeny, we define a P. cybelidermus Group containing P. cybelidermus and P. guttalineatus and a P. tympanistriga Group containing P. tympanistriga, P. rhammanotus, and the new species. Combinations of five morphological characters define each of these two clades. As currently defined, Pseudocalotes is polyphyletic; Javan and Sumatran species are more closely related to other draconines such as Dendragama boulengeri than they are to some mainland species. Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press.
Department of Biological Sciences, Broward College, 3501 S.W. Davie Road, Davie, 33314, FL, United States; Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, 501 S. Nedderman Drive, Arlington, 76010, TX, United States; Laboratory of Herpetolog, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences-LIPI, Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor km 46, Cibinong, West Java, 16911, Indonesia; Department of Biology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, East Java, 65145, Indonesia
