Alfianita Nuril Hidayaty, Saidun Fiddaroini, Ahmad Luthfi Fahmi, Stephani Rebecca Amabel Siahaan, Qonitah Fardiyah, Arie Srihardyastutie, Akhmad Sabarudin
Ensuring freshness in perishable foods like meat and seafood is vital for food safety. This study developed a biodegradable colorimetric film from chitosan–polyvinyl alcohol (Cs/PVA) infused with roselle anthocyanin extract (CPAR) to monitor spoilage. Among variants, CPAR-5 (5 mL extract) showed the highest pH sensitivity (ΔE = 44.69, S% = 42%) and rapid response to ammonia vapor. Characterization via UV–Vis, FTIR, and FESEM confirmed effective pigment integration and film structure. Applied to chicken, shrimp, and tilapia, CPAR-5 visually tracked spoilage in real time under ambient and cold storage, correlating with critical pH thresholds (≥6.8 for chicken, ≥7.4 for shrimp, ≥7.0 for fish). A visual card reader was developed for semi-quantitative freshness evaluation, demonstrating that CPAR-5 is a highly sensitive, robust, user-friendly, and environmentally sustainable smart indicator with strong potential for practical food safety monitoring and reduce food waste. © 2024
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia; Research Center for Advanced System and Material Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
