Yuli Frita Nuningtyas, Muhammad Halim Natsir, Heli Tistiana, Eko Widodo, Pornsin Keanthao, Rizal Rinaldi
This study evaluated the effects of dietary probiotic and phytobiotic combinations on production performance and egg quality in Mojosari laying ducks aged 40 to 44 weeks. A completely randomized design (CRD) was applied with four treatments: T0 (control), T1 (0.25%), T2 (0.50%), and T3 (0.75%), each replicated five times with ten ducks per replicate (n = 200). Two alternating formulations were applied: A yellow blend (turmeric and ginger) and a green blend (sambiloto, moringa, and papaya leaves), both combined with fermentative microbes. Key performance indicators as well as internal and external egg quality traits were evaluated. Supplementation significantly influenced several parameters, notably shell thickness at the middle, albumen weight, yolk volume, feed intake, hen-day production, and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). The 0.50% (T2) supplementation exhibited the overall best performance, increasing albumen weight (+5.6%), feed intake (+1.9%), and egg production (+5.9%), while improving feed efficiency through a 6.7% reduction in FCR compared with the control (T0). Multivariate analysis confirmed strong positive associations among egg mass, egg volume, albumen weight, and shell weight, while feed efficiency showed a negative correlation with productivity. In conclusion, alternating probiotic–phytobiotic supplementation at 0.50% enhanced production efficiency without compromising egg quality. This approach offers a sustainable, natural strategy to improve productivity in laying ducks while reducing reliance on synthetic additives. © 2026 by the authors.
Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Veteran Street, East Java, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Department of Animal Science and Fishery, Rajamanggala University of Technology Lanna, 128 Huay Kaew Rd, Tambon Chang Phueak, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50300, Thailand
