Ahmad Hasan Afandi, Anif Fatma Chawa, Wawan Sobari, Rachman Sidharta Arisandi, M.C.B. Umanailo
The background of the life of pesantren ulemas and tarekat in Indonesia cannot be separated from various social and political dynamics, religious organizations such as pesantren and tarekat tend to be involved in practical politics. The participation of pesantren in practical politics automatically invites prolonged conflict within the pesantren and tarekat. The Islamic community in Jombang which was once united by an Islamic political ethic became divided, as a result of Kyai Musta'in in 1977 shifted support from PPP to Golkar. This difference in political orientation occurs among religious leaders, the Kyais especially in the internal NU, who maintain affiliation with the only Islamic party, PPP, and Kyai Musta'in and his close associates affiliated with Golkar. This gave birth to a situation where mutual blame occurred. This study uses a qualitative method with the Phenomenology approach. To help unravel the problem of shifting the political orientation of the tarekat kyai in the Rejoso pesantren, the writer uses two theories. The main theories of Max Weber's theory of rational action and supporting theories of Antonio Gramsci's Hegemony Theory. The results of the study analyzed the political behaviour of the Kyai Tarekat Qodiriyah Wan Naqsabandiyah in Jombang, having different political affiliations, the Rejoso Tarekat of Political orientation to Golkar, the Cekat Tarekat of its political orientation to PPP and the Undar Tarekat of its political orientation to PKB. The three tarekat organizations in Jombang each have pilgrims or supporters who are equally interested in the community. © IJSTR 2020.
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Brawijaya University Malang, East Java, Indonesia; Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Majapahit Islamic University, Mojokerto, East Java, Indonesia; Department of Agricultural and Forestry, University of Iqra Buru, 97571, Maluku, Indonesia