H. Mohamad, A. F. Mohamad Azizul Fitri, R.-N. Hasanah, Lilik Jamilatul Awalin, Z.M. Yasin, N.A. Salim
With the growing Electric Vehicle (EV) population, proper placement of Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS) is essential. This is to support widespread adoption and integration of EVs into the transportation system. Factors such as power loss, voltage stability, and grid reliability play a significant role in determining the optimal locations for EVCS. An approach to determine the optimal placement of EVCS is proposed in this research. The approach employs Hybrid Leader-Follower Multiverse Lyrebird Optimization Algorithm (HLF-MVLOA) which integrates Lyrebird Optimization Algorithm (LOA) and Multiverse Optimization Algorithm (MVO) to minimize power losses and enhance the voltage stability index. The effectiveness of the EVCS placement strategy is assessed through simulations on IEEE 33- and 69-bus network systems, with performance compared against other algorithms. Simulation results demonstrate that HLF-MVLOA achieves the lowest power losses and the most favourable voltage stability index. © 2026 IEEE.
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Power System Planning and Operation Research Group (PoSPO), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Selangor, Shah Alam, 40450, Malaysia; Universitas Brawijaya, Faculty of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Department, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Universitas Airlangga, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidicipline, Surabaya, Indonesia; Universiti Teknologi MARA, Solar Research Institute (SRI) Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Selangor, Shah Alam, 40450, Malaysia
